Why is it crucial to perform bilateral pleural decompression during Tension Pneumothorax?

Performing bilateral pleural decompression during a tension pneumothorax is crucial primarily to relieve pressure on the lungs. In the case of tension pneumothorax, air enters the pleural space and cannot escape, leading to an increase in intrathoracic pressure. This elevated pressure compresses the lung on the affected side, collapsing it and significantly hindering its ability to expand during inhalation.

By performing a bilateral decompression, you are allowing trapped air to escape, which reduces this pressure. This procedure restores normal lung function, enables the lungs to re-expand, and improves ventilation and oxygenation for the patient, which is vital in an emergency situation.

The other options do not directly address the immediate and critical need to relieve lung pressure associated with tension pneumothorax. Reducing blood pressure and cardiac output or increasing blood flow are secondary concerns that are not directly resolved by performing pleural decompression. The primary aim in this context is to restore the functional capacity of the lungs to stabilize the patient's condition.